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UROSCAN |
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| Year : 2008 | Volume
: 24
| Issue : 2 | Page : 276 |
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Botulinum toxin in high-risk BPH patients in retention
Sreedhar Reddy, Arun Chawla, Joseph Thomas
Department of Urology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India
Correspondence Address:
Sreedhar Reddy
Department of Urology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
PMID: 19468419 
How to cite this article:
Reddy S, Chawla A, Thomas J. Botulinum toxin in high-risk BPH patients in retention. Indian J Urol 2008;24:276 |
Silva J, Silva C, Saraiva L, Silva A, Pinto R, Dinis P, et al. Intraprostatic botulinum toxin type A injection in patients unfit for surgery presenting with refractory urinary retention and benign prostatic enlargement: Effect on prostate volume and micturition resumption. Eur Urol 2008;53:153-9.
 Summary | |  |
This is a prospective study evaluating the efficacy of botulinum toxin A injection in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients. Twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement on chronic indwelling catheter for at least 3 months who were not candidates for surgery because of poor general condition received 200 U botulinum toxin A in the transition zone by transrectal approach under ultrasound guidance. This was done as an outpatient procedure without any anesthesia. Mean patient age was 80 ± 2 years. No significant local effects occurred. Patients were reevaluated at 1 and 3 months post-treatment. Baseline prostate volume of 70 ± 10 ml decreased to 57 ± 10 ml at 1 month and to 47 ± 7 ml at 3 months. At 1 month, 16 patients (76%) could resume voiding with a mean Qmax OF 9.0 ± 1.2 ml/s. At 3 months, 17 patients (81%) voided with a mean Qmax of 10.3 ± 1.4 ml/s. Residual urine was 80 ± 19 ml and 92 ± 24 ml at 1 and 3 months, respectively. Mean serum total PSA decreased from 6.0 ± 1.1 ng/ml at baseline to 5.0 ± 0.9 ng/ml at 3 months. The authors conclude that botulinum A injection into the prostate swiftly reduces prostate volume and may be a promising treatment for refractory urinary retention in patients with benign prostatic enlargement who are unfit for surgery.
| Comments | | |
The effects of botulinum toxin A on the prostate has been studied in different species, including rats, dogs, and humans. [1] The exact mechanism of action of botulnum toxin A in the prostate is not known. It affects both the static and dynamic components of BPH obstruction. It induces diffuse apoptosis in the prostate gland by inhibiting ACh release and counters sympathetic activity by inhibiting norepinephrine release. Intraprostatic injection is a simple, inexpensive, and minimally invasive treatment option for BPH patients. Recent studies have shown promising results for botulinum toxin A therapy in BPH management, even in small prostates and these effects were sustained at 6- to 12-month follow-up. [2] But all these studies lack in patient number and study design. Properly conducted randomized controlled trials with large case numbers and longer follow-up are required to validate the results obtained in the smaller studies, before botulinum toxin can be incorporated in the treatment armamentarium of BPH. The present study, though not a placebo-controlled study, has to be appreciated in that it has been conducted in patients who are condemned to permanent catheter, but ambulant. Ethical committee approval and patient approval is easier to get in this subset of patients. Till we get a final answer from large randomized controlled trials, botulinum toxin A injection therapy can be tried in high-risk BPH patients with refractory urinary retention, where pharmacotherapy has failed and any type of anesthesia is highly risky.
| References | | |
| 1. | Chuang YC, Chancellor MB. The application of botulinum toxin in the prostate. J Urol 2006;176:2375-82.  [PUBMED] [FULLTEXT] |
| 2. | Chuang YC, Chiang PH, Yoshimura N, De Miguel F, Chancellor MB. Sustained beneficial effects of intraprostatic botulinum toxin type A on lower urinary tract symptoms and quality of life in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. BJU Int 2006;98:1033-7. [PUBMED] [FULLTEXT] |
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